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The McDonnell Douglas MD-11: A Brief History of its Development and Features

The McDonnell Douglas MD-11 is an American tri-jet wide-body airliner that was manufactured by McDonnell Douglas (MDC) and later by Boeing. The aircraft was developed as a derivative of the DC-10, with two versions initially considered - the DC-10-10 and the DC-10-30. The MD-11 program was launched in 1986, following several years of development studies.

The MD-11 features a stretched fuselage, which is 202 feet (61.6 meters) long and can accommodate up to 298 passengers in three classes over a range of up to 7,130 nautical miles (13,200 kilometers). The aircraft has a slightly larger wingspan than the DC-10 and is equipped with winglets. It retains the basic trijet configuration of the DC-10, but with updated GE CF6-80C2 or PW4000 turbofan engines.

The MD-11 was designed to have a glass cockpit that eliminates the need for a flight engineer. The aircraft also has improved fuel efficiency and range compared to its predecessor. The first delivery of the MD-11 was made to Finnair on December 7, 1990, and it entered service on December 20, 1990.

Despite its promising features, the MD-11 failed to meet its original targets in terms of range and fuel burn. However, many MD-11 freighters were built, and many more were converted from passenger aircraft. The last of 200 MD-11s was built in October 2000 after Boeing merged with McDonnell Douglas in 1997.

Overall, the McDonnell Douglas MD-11 is an important part of aviation history, offering improved performance and capacity compared to its predecessors. Its development marked a significant milestone in the evolution of commercial aircraft design and technology.

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